Book © 2022

Hardcover ISBN978-3-030-88891-6

Edition Number1

Number of PagesXI, 302

Number of Illustrations7 b/w illustrations, 130 illustrations in colour

Topics  Internal Medicine, Surgery, Biotechnology, Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering, Computational and Systems Biology

• Presents applications of engineering modelling to CHD treatment

• Provides a list of practical case studies

• Each chapter has been written by a clinician and an engineer

About this book

This book combines medicinal and engineering knowledge to present engineering modelling applications (mainly computational, but also experimental) in the context of facilitating a patient-centred approach to treating congenital heart disease (CHD).

After introducing the basic concepts of engineering tools, it discusses modelling and the applications of engineering techniques (e.g. computational fluid dynamics, fluid-structure interaction, structural simulations, virtual surgery, advanced image analysis, 3D printing) in specific congenital heart diseases. It also offers a number of clinical case studies describing the applications in real-life clinical practice.

The final section focuses on the importance of surgical training, counselling and patient communication.

Considering the unique anatomical arrangement pre/post repair in CHD, as well as the different surgical strategy and device options (e.g. stents) for interventions, a patient-specific approach is certainly warranted in this area of medicine, and engineering is helping improve our understanding of individual patients and their particular anatomy and physiology.

To reinforce the idea of a necessary dialogue between engineers and clinicians, this book has not only been edited by two cardiologists and two bioengineers, but each chapter has been written by a clinician and an engineer, incorporating both voices in the description of state-of-the-art models for different CHDs.

TABLE OF CONTENTS – 29 CHAPTERS

Front Matter

Pages i-xi

Basic Concepts

Front Matter

Pages 1-1

Overview of Computational Methods

Giovanni Maria Formato, Silvia Schievano, Giovanni Biglino

Pages 3-9

Congenital Heart Diseases: Basic Concepts from a Pediatric Cardiology Perspective

Mario Giordano, Gianfranco Butera

Pages 11-20

Diseases: Modelling and Applications

Front Matter

Pages 21-21

Septal Defects: Clinical Concepts, Engineering Applications, and Impact of an Integrated Medico-Engineering Approach: Occluder Devices

Mario Giordano, Giorgia Bosi, Gianfranco Butera

Pages 23-42

Aortic Coarctation: Clinical Concepts, Engineering Applications, and Impact of an Integrated Medico-Engineering Approach

Damien P. Kenny, John F. LaDisa Jr

Pages 43-60

Tetralogy of Fallot, the Right Ventricular Outflow Tract: Clinical Concepts, Engineering Applications and Impact of an Integrated Medico-Engineering Approach

Laxmi Kaliyappan, Nithin Balasubramanian, Silvia Schievano, Louise Coats

Pages 61-73

Tetralogy of Fallot Ventricle: Clinical Concepts, Engineering Applications, and Impact of an Integrated Medico-Engineering Approach

Henrik Brun, Kristin McLeod

Pages 75-87

Complete Transposition of Great Arteries Post-Arterial Switch Operation: An Integrated Approach of Imaging and Modelling to Assess Long-Term Outcomes

Claudio Capelli, Teodora Popa, Andrei-Mihai Iacob, Hopewell

Ntsinjana

Pages 89-100

Double Outlet Right Ventricle: Introductory Concepts and Applications

Justin T. Tretter, Claudio Capelli, Puneet Bhatla

Pages 101-109

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome: Introductory Concepts

Lorenzo Galletti, Nicola Uricchio

Pages 111-117

Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome, Norwood and Variants: Clinical Concepts, Engineering Applications and Impact of an Integrated Medico-Engineering Approach

Adelaide de Vecchi

Pages 119-125

Univentricular Heart: Clinical Concepts and Impact of an Integrated Medico-Engineering Approach

Mario Giordano, Gianpiero Gaio, Maria Giovanna Russo, Gianfranco Butera

Pages 127-138

Fontan Surgery and Fluid Dynamics

Ethan Kung, Alison Marsden

Pages 139-148

Ventriculo-arterial Coupling in Fontan Patients

Giovanni Biglino, Maria Victoria Ordonez, Andrew M. Taylor

Pages 149-156

Modeling the Pulmonary Circulation in CHD: Clinical Concepts, Engineering Applications, and an Integrated Medico-Engineering Approach

Weiguang Yang, Jeffrey A. Feinstein, Irene E. Vignon-Clementel

Pages 157-167

Modelling Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Clinical Concepts, Engineering Applications and an Integrated Medico-engineering Approach

Ryo Torii, Vivek Muthurangu

Pages 169-187

How I Used a Model in Clinical Practice

Front Matter

Pages 189-189

Patient-Specific Numerical Modeling to Predict Coronary Artery Compression in Transcatheter Pulmonary Valve Implantation

Francesca R. Pluchinotta, Alessandro Caimi, Francesco Sturla, Mario Carminati

Pages 191-197

How I Used a Model in Clinical Practice

Transcatheter Correction of Sinus Venosus Atrial Septal Defect (SVASD) and Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage with a Covered Stent

Eric Rosenthal

Pages 199-203

Modelling the Coronary Anatomy in a Case of Suspected Kawasaki Disease with Giant Coronary Aneurysms

Andrew Shearn, Maria Victoria Ordonez, Massimo Caputo, Giovanni Biglino

Pages 205-207

Criss-Cross Heart: Is Biventricular Repair Ever Possible?

Francesca Raimondi

Pages 209-211

Use of 3D Printing for Congenital Heart Disease

Hannah Tredway, Nikhil Pasumarti, Matthew A. Crystal, Amee M. Shah, Kanwal M. Farooqi

Pages 213-220

Three-Dimensional Printed Model Guiding Transcutaneous Device Closure of a Complex Residual Ventricular Septal Defect: Comparing Apples to Apples

Justin T. Tretter, Puneet Bhatla

Pages 221-225

3D “Modeling” and “Printing” in Neonate with Complex Twisted Heart: New Frontier for Clinical Decision and Optimal Surgical Approach

Paolo Ciancarella, Paolo Ciliberti, Luca Borro, Aurelio Secinaro

Pages 227-230

Biventricular Repair of Complex Transposition of Great Arteries Guided by 3D Reconstruction Imaging

Yue-Hin Loke, David N. Schidlow

Pages 231-235

Training, Counselling and Miscellanea

Front Matter

Pages 237-237

Three-Dimensional Printing and Its Applications in Education and Teaching

Dimitri Patriki, Andreas A. Giannopoulos

Pages 239-244

Dassault Systèmes’ Living Heart Project

Steven Levine, Tom Battisti, Björn Butz, Karl D’Souza, Francisco Sahli Costabal, Mathias Peirlinck

Pages 245-259

Cardiovascular Simulation as a Decision Support Tool

Michael Broomé, Marcus Carlsson, Petter Frieberg, Nina Hakacova, Petru Liuba, Dirk W. Donker

Pages 261-271

Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Cardiology

Addison Gearhart, Anthony Chang

Pages 273-284

Communication in Congenital Heart Disease: A Relevant Application for Engineering Models?

Giovanni Biglino, Maria Victoria Ordonez, Andrew Shearn, Sofie Layton, Jo Wray

Pages 285-291

Three-Dimensional Multimodality Fusion in Minimally Invasive Congenital Heart Interventions

Onno Wink, Alexander Haak, Sebastian Góreczny

Pages 293-302

Keywords

computational fluid dynamics

fluid-structure interaction

structural simulations

virtual surgery

3D printing

Tetralogy of Fallot

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome

Fontan surgery

Double outlet right ventricle

Bicuspid aortic valve

Mid-aortic syndrome

Septal defects

Ross procedure

Editors and Affiliations

Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery and Heart Lung Transplantation – ERN GUARD HEART, Bambin Gesù Hospital and Research Institute, Rome, Italy

Gianfranco Butera

UCL Institute of Cardiovascular Science and Great Ormond St Hospital for Children, London, UK

Silvia Schievano

University of Bristol, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK

Giovanni Biglino

Stanford University, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital, Palo Alto, USA

Doff B. McElhinney

About the editors

Gianfranco Butera is Chief of the Department of Interventional Congenital Cardiology at Bambin Gesù Hospital IRCCS, Rome, Italy. He is Senior lecturer at King’s College University London.  He has been Lead Consultant of the Department of Congenital Interventional Cardiology at St Thomas/Evelina Hospital in London. He has served as Chairman of the Interventional Cardiology Working Group of the AEPC and has been Visiting Professor at various universities including Harvard, Bordeaux, Cincinnati and Padova. His clinical and research interests are focused on interventional cardiology in children and adults with congenital heart disease. He has authored more than 230 papers in peer-reviewed journals and has edited books on interventional and fetal cardiology.

Silvia Schievano is Professor of Biomedical Engineering at University College London, UK. She graduated from Politecnico of Milan, Italy, and pursued her PhD degree in clinical cardiovascular engineering at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, UK. Her main research activities are in translational engineering for clinical practice, focusing on patient specific assessment of complex congenital heart disease cases, statistical shape modelling and population analyses, and computational simulations to support design of new transcatheter valve implantation devices.

Giovanni Biglino is a biomedical engineer and currently Senior Lecturer in Biostatistics at the Bristol Heart Institute (Bristol Medical School, UK). After a degree in Bioengineering at Imperial College London and a PhD in cardiovascular mechanics at the Brunel Institute for Bioengineering, he carried out research at Great Ormond Street Hospital and University College London, and completed the Global Clinical Scholars Research Training programme at Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA. His main research interests are cardiovascular modelling, translational research in congenital heart disease and medical statistics. He is a Future Leader in Innovation Enterprise and Research with the UK Academy of Medical Sciences.

Doff B. McElhinney, MD, is a pediatric and adult congenital interventional cardiologist who is a Professor of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Pediatrics (Cardiology) at Stanford University.

He is Director of the Clinical and Translational Research Program and Medical Director of the Pulmonary Artery Reconstruction Program at the Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford. After a residency in Pediatrics at The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, PA, US, he completed pediatric and interventional cardiology fellowships at Children’s Hospital in Boston, MA, US.

He served on the faculty at Children’s Hospital in Boston for 6 years, then assumed the role of Director of Interventional Cardiology for Structural and Congenital Heart Disease at New York University, where he served as a Professor of Pediatrics, Medicine, and Cardiothoracic Surgery. He has been at Stanford since 2014.